Roles of chemical engineer

What is chemical engineering :-

• Chemical Engineering is the branch of engineering which is concerned with the design and operation of industrial chemical plants. A chemical plant is required to carry out transformation of raw materials into desired products efficiently, economically and safely.
• Chemical Engineering is that branch of engineering which deals with the production of bulk materials from basic raw materials in a most economical and safe way by chemical means. 

Who is chemical engineer:-

• A chemical engineer is the one who is skilled in development, design, construction,operation and control of industrial plants in which matter undergoes a change.  
• Chemical engineers work in four main segments of the chemical process industries : research and development, design, manufacturing/production and sales. 

Roles of chemical engineer:-

• The traditional roles of chemical engineers include teaching, research and development, design, production, plant maintenance and trouble shooting, plant management, marketing, entrepreneurship, and consultancy. 
• Chemical engineers play a vital role in the development and production of various essential needs of mankind like food, clothing, housing, health, communication, energy, utilization of natural resources, and protection of the environment. 
• Chemical engineers are engaged in the production of fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides, food products, drugs and pharmaceuticals, plastics, synthetic fibers, dyes and dye intermediates, paints and lacquers, synthetic fuels, paper, nuclear energy, synthetic rubber, etc.

BASIC THREE LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS

First law of thermodynamics:- 

• Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed it is transferred from one to another form 
• Any loss or gain of energy by the system must be equal to loss or gain of energy by the surrounding. 

                                    

• Any heat is given to the system that heat increase system internal energy and utilized to do some work done.

                        dQ  =  dU + dW

Second law of thermodynamics:- 

• As per second law of thermodynamic there are not any heat engine are available to convert energy into 100% work. We do not convert or utilize energy into 100% work done.
• There are two statement of two different scientist. 

            1.Kelvin laws

            2.Clausis law

          

Kelvin laws: It stated that it is impossible to make such heat engine that convert 100% work done from given source of heat.

                               

                                    

Clausis law: It state that heat  never flow from low temperature to high temperature because of heat transferred from high temperature to low temperature owing existence in temperature difference.

Third law of thermodynamics:- 

• Third law of thermodynamics depend on three main components;

          1.)Entropy:it is measure disorder of system

          2.)Absolute zero: temp. is about 0°K

          3.)Absolute crystals

                                    

                                  

                               

• Third law states that entropy of  absolute crystals at 0°K or -273 °C is zero